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因为物质生活的丰富，最先带来的是消费主义和攀比心理。物质是引起人们攀比的重灾区。在物质攀比中，人们获得的是焦虑、不安全感和自我怀疑。当然不可能快乐。这是因为物质和消费水平的差距，是最容易用货币尺度衡量的。任谁都能一眼看出宝马和自行车、别墅和二居室的差距，从而在生活的方方面面带来物质焦虑的“降维打击”。对在一二线城市生活的人而言，尤甚。即便你拥有优秀的财富观念，不盲从、不攀比、不超额消费，物质主义还能从家庭联系和情感角度找到攻陷你的突破口：家人会不会在疾病时面对无法负担优质医疗消费的窘境？孩子要不要输在没有优质学区房、培训班的起跑线上？而物质攀比本质是无度的：没有最好、只有更好。你的孩子暑假在补习班，隔壁家的孩子在补习之余学钢琴，互联网、朋友圈、抖音app里的孩子在学器乐之余潜水、马术、高尔夫...这才是物质主义最危险的地方：我们努力创造价值、积累财富，以求物质生活得“体面”，但这“体面”何时知足、得有尽头呢？我们期望用财富积累的方法解决物质焦虑。但是财富积累只会在给予短暂满足后，带来更多烦恼和焦虑：烦恼如何增值财富、抵御通胀、避税、获得与财富水平一致的社会认同和尊重。所以想用物质财富积累的方式，解决物质攀比带来的焦虑和空虚，无异于抱薪救火、缘木求鱼。因为我们真正匮乏的不是物质财富，而是科学的财富观、价值观和充盈的精神世界。精神世界的爱好正与喜欢攀比的物质主义相反，崇尚包容、多样和丰富。穷人之所以贫穷，不仅仅是物质匮乏，更是因为缺乏正确认识经济规律和改善自身财务状况的知识。邓公说物质基础决定上层建筑。但是邓公忘了说上层建筑不仅仅是高楼大厦、香包宝马。更是尊重人人平等的普世价值。是明理诚信、尊老爱幼、温良恭俭让的道德修养。是文学、音乐、舞蹈、戏剧、绘画、插花、雕塑等多元丰富的美学艺术。苏东坡在《记游松风亭》里记录了他有一次步行跋涉，想去凉亭休息，但走不动道的故事：余尝寓居惠州嘉佑寺，纵步松风亭下。足力疲乏，思欲就亭止息。望亭宇尚在木末，意谓是如何得到？良久，忽曰：“此间有甚么歇不得处？”由是如挂钩之鱼，忽得解脱。若人悟此，虽兵阵相接，鼓声如雷霆，进则死敌，退则死法，当恁么时也不妨熟歇。这并不是否定物质财富的意义。只是我们在满足基本物质需求的基础上，能不能向东坡学习下“此间有甚么歇不得”，在连轴转的生活中喘一口气，理一理财务观念，同时亲近一下美妙的大自然、欣赏一会多元的艺术美学、照顾下想要“快乐”的精神世界心声。我是清浦，信奉生活有序、审美多元的经济学人。}

我说幸福其实很简单。人们一向认为幸福是件很奢侈的事，必须通过丰厚的物质来体现。其实这是追求幸福的方式方法错了。一个人的幸福程度往往取决于你对外界的依附程度。比如那些嫁入豪门的靓女有几个幸福？七十年代的王钏如嫁给富商蔡辰洋，遭遇蔡移情别恋成为怨妇。所以，你以为幸福像鱼，你买把钓竿可以钓到吗？你以为幸福像鸟，你编个鸟笼就可以罩住它吗？为了拥有幸福你拼命努力。为了住上大房子，舍弃休假舍弃回家拼命加班，直到晕倒。待到醒来，妈妈的一碗鸡汤，才意识到幸福其实很简单。图片发自简书App幸福真的很简单。对落难海岛的人来讲，是一艘从远方驶来的船。对失业的人来讲，是一份养家糊口的工作。对沦落他乡的人讲，是他乡遇故知的惊喜。图片发自简书App幸福真的很简单。最幸福的生活其实就是最平常的生活。小小蜗居可以栖身，有二三知己可以小聚。家中有花可以怡情，枕边有书可以养性。白天可以去工作，晚上可以进梦乡。雪中送炭，雨中有伞。饿时有充饥，冷时有御寒。心理欲求小，幸福指数高。图片发自简书App在追求幸福的过程中，我们通常以两种方式“失去自我”。第一种是“生活给别人看”。“他穿时尚衣服是为了让别人看，他开的车也是为了让别人看，他买别墅也是为了让别人看，他从事的工作也是为了让别人看，他的孩子送名校也是为了让别人看，他一切的一切都是为了给别人看，所思所想都是以他人眼光作为唯一标准。”为了刷出“比别人能干”的存在感，我们终于活成了“别人眼中牛逼的人”。图片发自简书App第二种是“看别人如何生活”。别人有了豪车，我也想要豪车；别人有了别墅，我也想要别墅；别人孩子读名校，我家孩子也要读名校。为了过上“别人家的幸福生活”，我们终于活成了“跟别人一样牛逼的人”。图片发自简书App电影《少年派的奇幻漂流》中，有一个美丽的食人岛。这岛上不仅景色绝美，还有丰富的淡水和食物。躺在沙滩上晒着阳光，人会感到无比的快乐和幸福。可到了夜晚，岛上湖水就会变成强酸，把人与动物全部消融掉。食人岛是一个隐喻，指的是那些看似能给我们带来幸福的东西，其实恰恰是“吃掉我们”之所在。图片发自简书App有人说：“我不幸福，因为我没有钱，有了钱就幸福了。”有人说：“我不幸福，因为我没有权，有了权就幸福了。”有人说：“我不幸福，因为我没有名，有了名就幸福了。”但最终的结果是——得到钱之后，我们期待更多的钱.得到权之后，我们期待更大的权。得到名之后，我们期待更大的名。得陇望蜀，这就是我们痛苦的根源。通往幸福最大的障碍，正是我们对外物苛求太多。图片发自简书App《这个世界会好吗》这本书，是梁漱溟先生的晚年口述。梁漱溟认为：人要幸福，需解决三大问题。先要解决人和物之间的问题，然后要解决人和人之间的问题，最后要解决人和内心之间的问题。解决人和物之间的问题，就是解决人的温饱问题。解决人和人之间的问题，就是要处理好为人子女、为人夫妻、为人父母、为人上下级的问题。但前两者的解决，并不能让人获得真正的幸福。真正的幸福来自于第三层面——解决人和内心之间的问题。“真正的幸福从不依赖于外在的事物，而是内心的一种清楚、愉快与平静的状态。”爱因斯坦说：“同一层面的问题，不可能在同一个层面解决，只有在高于它的层面才能解决。”在物质层面，永远无法解决幸福的问题。幸福的问题只有在内心的层面才能解决他叫约书亚·贝克尔，一个高富帅。掌管150家店铺，拿着7位数薪水，有一个美丽妻子。20多岁就买了豪宅名车。听着是不是很牛？其实他是生活的大输家。读大学时，约书亚觉得，“富裕就是每年挣5万。”毕业后，他很快拿到了5万。“但我并没有觉得富有。”这时，他觉得富裕就是每年挣8万。年后，他年薪达到了9万。“但我还是没有觉得富有。”这时，他觉得富裕就是拥有豪车。于是约书亚成了工作狂。一周工作80小时，一年工作362天。28岁时，约书亚就成了公司高管。拿着7位数薪水，掌管150家店铺，在别人眼里，他是那么地成功：一身名牌，住着豪宅，开着名车，随手一挥就能拥有想要的一切。他以为拥有这些后，生活会更幸福。“但幸福感好像一点都没增加。”实际上，他的生活非常糟糕。身体不好，每天需要服药入睡。妻子在抱怨：你还像个丈夫吗？儿子在抱怨：为什么总不带我出去玩？母亲不抱怨，因为已经生病进了医院。除了赚钱，他完全成了家庭的局外人。那一年，一个月里，约书亚家发生了两件大事。首先是，他母亲去世了。接着，妻子向他提出离婚。约书亚感到无比伤心和挫败。失去，让约书亚开始反思：“过于追求物质，我不但没有得到幸福，反而失去了真正的幸福。”反思后，约书亚决定实施“断舍离”，他把家中所有物品打包放在盒子里。每一天，只拿出这天所需要的东西。第一天，他解开了床单及洗漱用具，之后是一些衣物。就这样生活三个月后，他发现：“竟然90%的盒子都没打开。”于是，约书亚把这些东西统统捐赠。美国家庭平均拥有约30万件物品。但约书亚的生活里只有288件。“留下来的每一样都不可或缺。”这样的极简生活，约书亚不但没感到空虚，反而觉得内心越来越充实。他辞去了7位数的工作，但从此拥有了大把时间。精心做一顿美食，约朋友喝下午茶，来一场说走就走的旅行。“小时候，我的梦想是当作家，现在，我终于拾起了那支笔。”两年后，约书亚成了畅销书作家。“我丢掉了90%的东西，生活却幸福起来。”1845年，著名学者梭罗，只带了一把斧头，到瓦尔登湖边建了一间小木屋，独居了2年零2个月零2天，以验证自己所悟出的人生真谛：“一个人，只要满足了基本生活所需，不再戚戚于声名，不再汲汲于富贵，便可以更从容、更充实地享受人生。”体验结果，正如他所说：一个人，放下得越多，越富有。幸福与否，并不取决于外在东西的多少，而是取决于一个人内心的生活态度。亚里士多德说：“幸福就是自足，幸福的自足就是无求于外物，而自满自足。”所以，人想要获得幸福，首先就要步出熙熙攘攘的人群，跳出物质束缚的窠臼，不要被教条所限，不要活在别人观念里。要听从内心的声音，去做自己想做的事，成为真正的自己。“成功有两要素：外在成功与内在成功。物质成功是可测量的外在的成功，是低层次的自由，而思想上的成熟与自由，是高层次的内在成功。幸福往往来源于后者。”罗素说。我们通讯有了手机，但忘带手机我们就六神无主，吃饭的地方没有wifi，我们就会如坐针毡、食之无味。我们爬楼有了电梯。但从三楼下到一楼，如果电梯迟迟不来，我们就会焦躁不安。我们的夏天有了空调，但如果某一天停电了，我们就觉得简直没法活下去。这样的现象在生活中比比皆是——我们的幸福已经不受控于自己，而是受控于外物。古时候没空调、没电梯、没手机，但古人照样活得“不亦乐乎”。可见，外物的充实并不可靠，人生的幸福最终来自于自己的心灵。普希金说：“世界上所有的幸福，都以内心的宁静作为基本特征。”一个人的幸福程度，取决于你多大程度上可以摆脱对外部世界的依附。人生的幸福最终还是来自于心灵的丰盈。图片发自简书App编辑搜索老梁说幸福感什么是幸福感幸福感心得体会提高幸福感提高幸福感的小事提高幸福感的}